海藻酸钠包埋活性炭与细菌的条件优化及其对Pb~(2+)的吸附特征研究

利用海藻酸钠固定化包埋活性炭与多黏类芽孢杆菌GA1,通过正交试验研究海藻酸钠溶液浓度、包炭量及包菌量吸附Pb2+的最佳配比,并研究了这种新型的固定化小球对Pb2+的吸附特征.结果表明,固定化活性炭与多黏类芽孢杆菌GA1小球最佳制备条件为海藻酸钠质量分数2.5%、包炭量1:20和包菌量1:2,在该制备条件下吸附率达到93.74%.固定化小球的最佳吸附条件为pH5、温度30℃和Pb2+初始浓度300mg·L-1,活性炭与GA1经固定后对pH、温度和Pb2+初始浓度适应范围扩大.吸附平衡曲线表明,对Pb2+的吸附在30min内是一个快速的过程,在2h时基本趋于平衡,且平衡曲线能较好地用Langmuir模型和Freundlich模型来描述,其吸附过程主要为单分子层吸附,最大单分子层吸附量为370.37mg·g-1.解吸结果表明固定化小球能有效地循环利用.     

Production of a newly isolated Paenibacillus polymyxa biocontrol agent using monosodium glutamate wastewater and potato wastewater

A phyllosphere bacterial strain EBL-06 was isolated from wheat leaves. The morphology, cultural characteristics, phospholipid fatty acids, physiological and antagonistic fungus activities of this strain were investigated. A phylogenetic tree was constructed by comparing with the published 16S rDNA sequences of the relevant bacteria. The results showed that the isolate EBL-06 was a strain of Paenibacillus polymyxa; this strain performed a high level of antagonistic fungus activity toward a broad spectrum of phytopathogens, such as Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium cucumerinum, Fusarium spp. The isolate EBL-06 can grow well using monosodium glutamate wastewater (MGW) and potato wastewater (PW) as culture medium. The maximum yield of 6.5 × 10 9 CFU/mL of the isolate EBL-06 anti-fungus biocontrol agent was reached in 15 hr cultivation at 28°C, pH 6.0–7.5 using the mixture of MGW and PW (1:9).     

Bioremediation of DSO contaminated soil

Seven strains isolated from DSO (disulfide oil) contaminated soils. Among them, two strains had high potential to remove DSO from contaminated soils. These strains identified as Paenibacillus (a gram positive, nitrogen fixing spore, spore forming bacillus) and Rhodococcus (a gram positive, catalase positive, acid fast forming bacteria), by preliminary tests. The optimal conditions for DSO removal from contaminated soils were determined. The biotic depletion for Paenibacillus pre-grown in nutrient broth was 24.3% and for Rhodococcus was 19.3%. Bioremediation of DSO in soil was investigated by gas chromatography and UV–vis absorption spectroscopy techniques. The results showed that addition of water (20 μl/g soil) to soil is necessary for DSO removal by both strains and none of the strains could remove DSO in concentrations more than 30 μg/g soil. The results also showed that none of these strains could degrade DSO under anaerobic condition.     

多粘类芽孢杆菌GA1产絮凝剂的培养基和分段培养工艺

对1株从土壤中筛选的产絮凝剂微生物GA1进行了研究.该菌株经形态学特征、生理生化反应及16S rDNA序列(GenBank序列登陆号为DQ166375)相似性分析鉴定为多粘类芽孢杆菌,并命名为Paenibacillus polymyxa GA1.对其进行了产絮凝剂培养条件和培养工艺的研究.结果表明:GA1产絮凝剂的最佳培养基成分(g/L)为蔗糖40.0、酵母浸膏4.0、K₂HPO₄5.0、KH₂PO₄、2.0、NaCl 0.1、MgSO₄ 0.2.研究了该菌株产絮凝剂的最佳培养条件,包括培养基的初始pH、培养温度、摇床速度和接种量.同时针对其产絮凝剂和菌体生长的关系,首次将分段培养工艺应用于GA1产絮凝剂中,即在培养的初期24h内采用菌体生长最佳培养条件,在培养后期采用菌体产絮凝剂的最佳培养条件.结果表明,采用分段培养的工艺,既可保证GA1絮凝剂的产量,又能缩短培养周期.     

微囊藻毒素降解菌S3的分子鉴定及其降解毒素的研究

对一株具有强降解微囊藻毒紊MC-LR能力的细菌S3进行了分子鉴定.测得该菌16S rDNA为1396bp,GenBank序列登录号为DQ836314.序列比对结果显示,该菌与类芽孢杆菌Paenibacillus validus的相似性达98%.微囊藻毒素降解实验结果表明,该菌能在以微囊藻毒素为唯一碳、氮源的培养基中生长,微囊藻毒紊在72h内减少78.3%,菌株S3的最适生长温度是30℃,最适生长pH值为7.0.     

Role of NADH-dependent chromium reductases,exopolysaccharides and antioxidants by Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus PS 5 against damage induced by reactive oxygen species

ABSTRACT

Cr (VI) being used in various activities of industries and its improper treatment lead to contamination of environment. Among different methods, biological is the most efficient method to control pollution from soils affected with metals. Present study was designed to assess the role of Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus PS5 for adsorption, Cr (VI) reduction and mechanism of reduction. Sorption of chromium (VI) by strain PS5 was obtained by batch equilibrium method. Cr (VI) reduction in both free and immobilised cells were evaluated by 1,5-Diphenyl Carbazide method. The formation of biofilm by Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus PS5 was observed for colour change as well as quantified spectrophotometrically. Analysis kits were used to measure the amount of eDNA, superoxide and malondialdehyde (MDA). Metal resistant strain PS5 was characterised as P. thiaminolyticus using 16S rRNA gene sequence. Maximum biosorption of Cr (VI) by strain PS5 was found at pH 6–8 and 100–400 µgCr/mL within 24 hours of incubation. Complete reduction of Cr (VI) by strain PS5 was achieved at pH 6–8 and100–300 µg/mL Cr (VI). Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus PS5 immmobilisation on sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol facilitated complete reduction of Cr (VI) within 18 hours due to the formation of more biofilm under metal stress conditions. Strain PS5 reduced almost all Cr (VI) into Cr (III) in supernatant, most of which was immobilised by cell debris. Experiments confirmed the reduction of Cr (VI) by cytosolic cell-free extracts which is a mechanism of detoxification. The release of exopolysaccharides and antioxidants by strain PS5 played a protective role against cell damage by Cr (VI) as Cr (VI) could not release the significant amount of eDNA, superoxide and MDA. The present study proved strain PS5 to be a super bioinoculant which has great capacity for adsorption, biotransformation and can activate cytosolic reductases, exopolysaccharides and antioxidants against oxidative damage.     

A new efficient azo dye-decolorizing bacterium Paenibacillus dendritiformis GGJ7 and its decolorization process北大核心CSCD

This paper aimed to find an efficient bacterium for decolorizing azo dyes. A strain which could decolorize Congo Red efficiently was isolated from Congo Red. The strain was identified as Paenibacillus dendritiformis GGJ7 (GGJ7, in short) by 16S rRNA gene sequence (NCBI accession No. KY655213). Strain GGJ7 was applied to the decolorization of azo dyes in this research, and influencing factors of decolorization were investigated, including diverse nutritional conditions, culture conditions (pH, temperature, oxygen conditions), and various dyes. The results demonstrated that the decolorization rate of Congo Red by strain GGJ7 was much higher than that of the other eight strains (e.g., YRJ1, YRJ2 etc.) in our previous work. The optimal conditions for Congo Red decolorization were 25 g/L LB broth as nutrient source, 30 °C, pH 7, and an anaerobic environment. The mechanism of decolorization was mainly biodegradation, and the decolorization process of strain GGJ7 was conformed to the first-class kinetics model: -ln (At /A0) = 0.6058t - 0.1082. For different azo dyes, the decolorization rate was up to 95%. Strain GGJ7 only needed 1 h to decolorize 50 mg/L Methyl Orange, 25 mg/L Croceine Scarlet, and 25 mg/L Methyl Red, needed 3 h to decolorize 50 mg/L Orange G and 50 mg/L Orange G6, and needed 4 h to decolorize 50 mg/L Congo Red. In summary, strain GGJ7 is an efficient azo dye-decolorizing bacterium, and it has a potential application in treating printing and dyeing wastewater. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved.     

类芽孢杆菌产絮凝多糖发酵条件优化及成分分析

为提高微生物絮凝多糖的产量,应用响应面方法对一株高效产絮菌株A9〔类芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus sp.)〕发酵产絮凝多糖的影响因素进行分析. 结果表明:①根据P-B(Plackett-Burman)法确定,影响A9产絮凝多糖的显著因子为装瓶量、ρ(MgSO₄·7H₂O)和ρ(可溶性淀粉);②通过Box-Behnken试验设计及响应面分析,确定了优化的培养基组成与培养条件,在ρ(可溶性淀粉)为17g/L,ρ(酵母膏)为3.0g/L,ρ(K₂HPO₄)为6g/L,ρ(MgSO₄·7H₂O)为0.2g/L,ρ(NaCl)为0.10g/L,装瓶量为51mL(250mL锥形瓶),pH为8的优化条件下,絮凝多糖实际产量为2.49g/L,与理论预测值(2.50g/L)接近;③利用红外光谱法检测A9产絮凝多糖的特征基团分别为—OH、—COO-、—C—O—C—和—NHCOCH₃等极性基团;④结合A9对不同碳源利用的单因素试验结果,推测A9产絮凝多糖的主要成分分别为含有α-吡喃型糖苷键的甘露糖和葡萄糖、酸性多糖和乙酰氨基多糖等.